George LabNeurobiology of Addiction · UC San Diego

Publications

Two decades of studies

Every paper since 2003 arranged by the drug studied, or by the model or question when no drug was involved, from sleep and aging to nicotine, alcohol, cocaine, and opioids. Prefer a searchable list? See the full publication list.

Nicotine
2007: CRF-CRF1 system activation mediates withdrawal-induced increases in nicotine self-administration in nicotine-dependent rats. 2010: Exposure to chronic intermittent nicotine vapor induces nicotine dependence. 2010: Varenicline blocks nicotine intake in rats with extended access to nicotine self-administration. 2012: Phasic D1 and tonic D2 dopamine receptor signaling double dissociate the motivational effects of acute nicotine and chronic nicotine withdrawal. 2012: Effects of the combination of metyrapone and oxazepam on intravenous nicotine self-administration in rats. 2012: Effects of the specific α4β2 nAChR antagonist, 2-fluoro-3-(4-nitrophenyl) deschloroepibatidine, on nicotine reward-related behaviors in rats and mice. 2012: Robust escalation of nicotine intake with extended access to nicotine self-administration and intermittent periods of abstinence. 2012: Nicotine vapor inhalation escalates nicotine self-administration. 2013: Animal models of nicotine exposure: relevance to second-hand smoking, electronic cigarette use, and compulsive smoking. 2013: Extended access to nicotine leads to a CRF1 receptor dependent increase in anxiety-like behavior and hyperalgesia in rats. 2014: Extended access nicotine self-administration with periodic deprivation increases immature neurons in the hippocampus. 2014: VTA CRF neurons mediate the aversive effects of nicotine withdrawal and promote intake escalation. 2015: Chronic nicotine activates stress/reward-related brain regions and facilitates the transition to compulsive alcohol drinking. 2015: Increased CRF signalling in a ventral tegmental area-interpeduncular nucleus-medial habenula circuit induces anxiety during nicotine withdrawal. 2017: Deletion of α5 nicotine receptor subunits abolishes nicotinic aversive motivational effects in a manner that phenocopies dopamine receptor antagonism. 2017: Nicotine Vapor Method to Induce Nicotine Dependence in Rodents. 2018: Self-administered nicotine increases fat metabolism and suppresses weight gain in male rats. 2018: An enzymatic advance in nicotine cessation therapy. 2018: An enzymatic approach reverses nicotine dependence, decreases compulsive-like intake, and prevents relapse. 2019: Exposure to passive nicotine vapor in male adolescent rats produces a withdrawal-like state and facilitates nicotine self-administration during adulthood. 2020: Role of corticotropin-releasing factor in alcohol and nicotine addiction. 2020: Validation of a nicotine vapor self-administration model in rats with relevance to electronic cigarette use. 2020: Advances in smoking cessation pharmacotherapy: Non-nicotinic approaches in animal models. 2021: Cannabidiol reduces withdrawal symptoms in nicotine-dependent rats. 2021: How nicotine withdrawal symptoms fight each other: interpeduncular GABA neuron activity dynamically controls negative affect vs. coping behavior. 2022: Administration of BDNF in the ventral tegmental area produces a switch from a nicotine-non-dependent D1R-mediated motivational state to a nicotine-dependent-like D2R-mediated motivational state. 2022: Microstructural meal pattern analysis reveals a paradoxical acute increase in food intake after nicotine despite its long-term anorexigenic effects. 2023: Hyperconnectivity of Two Separate Long-Range Cholinergic Systems Contributes to the Reorganization of the Brain Functional Connectivity during Nicotine Withdrawal in Male Mice. 2023: Directed evolution unlocks oxygen reactivity for a nicotine-degrading flavoenzyme. 2023: Acute nicotine intake increases feeding behavior through decreasing glucagon signaling in dependent male and female rats. 2024: Acute nicotine activates orectic and inhibits anorectic brain regions in rats exposed to chronic nicotine. 2025: The influence of stress and social defeat on neurobiological reinforcement mechanisms across reward to withdrawal in nicotine addiction. 2026: Passive nicotine vapor exposure model in mice reveals translationally relevant dose-dependent cotinine levels and withdrawal behaviors.
Alcohol
2012: Recruitment of medial prefrontal cortex neurons during alcohol withdrawal predicts cognitive impairment and excessive alcohol drinking. 2013: Neuropeptide YY(2)R blockade in the central amygdala reduces anxiety-like behavior but not alcohol drinking in alcohol-dependent rats. 2013: Traumatic stress reactivity promotes excessive alcohol drinking and alters the balance of prefrontal cortex-amygdala activity. 2014: Anticipatory 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations are associated with escalated alcohol intake in dependent rats. 2015: Chronic nicotine activates stress/reward-related brain regions and facilitates the transition to compulsive alcohol drinking. 2015: Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism decreases alcohol seeking in alcohol-dependent individuals. 2016: Recruitment of a Neuronal Ensemble in the Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Is Required for Alcohol Dependence. 2016: Genetic and Pharmacologic Manipulation of TLR4 Has Minimal Impact on Ethanol Consumption in Rodents. 2017: Voluntary induction and maintenance of alcohol dependence in rats using alcohol vapor self-administration. 2017: Alcohol Dependence Disrupts Amygdalar L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Mechanisms. 2017: Cortical and amygdalar neuronal ensembles in alcohol seeking, drinking and withdrawal. 2017: Intermittent Access to Ethanol Drinking Facilitates the Transition to Excessive Drinking After Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure. 2017: CRF1 Receptor-Dependent Increases in Irritability-Like Behavior During Abstinence from Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure. 2018: Inhibition of Glyoxalase 1 reduces alcohol self-administration in dependent and nondependent rats. 2018: Systemic and Intra-Habenular Activation of the Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR139 Decreases Compulsive-Like Alcohol Drinking and Hyperalgesia in Alcohol-Dependent Rats. 2019: Inactivation of a CRF-dependent amygdalofugal pathway reverses addiction-like behaviors in alcohol-dependent rats. 2019: Systemic Administration of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (S)-CR8 Selectively Reduces Escalated Ethanol Intake in Dependent Rats. 2020: Brain-wide functional architecture remodeling by alcohol dependence and abstinence. 2020: Role of corticotropin-releasing factor in alcohol and nicotine addiction. 2021: Glucocorticoid receptor modulators decrease alcohol self-administration in male rats. 2021: FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE ESCALATION OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION. 2022: Effects of single and dual hypocretin-receptor blockade or knockdown of hypocretin projections to the central amygdala on alcohol drinking in dependent male rats. 2022: Voluntary and forced exposure to ethanol vapor produces similar escalation of alcohol drinking but differential recruitment of brain regions related to stress, habit, and reward in male rats. 2024: A reverse translational study of PPAR-α agonist efficacy in human and rodent models relevant to alcohol use disorder. 2026: Engaging Gut-to-Brain Signalling to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder.
Cocaine
2007: Extended access to cocaine self-administration produces long-lasting prefrontal cortex-dependent working memory impairments. 2009: A role for the endocannabinoid system in the increased motivation for cocaine in extended-access conditions. 2012: Hippocampal neurogenesis protects against cocaine-primed relapse. 2013: Hypothalamic proteoglycan syndecan-3 is a novel cocaine addiction resilience factor. 2013: Kappa opioid receptor-mediated dysregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic transmission in the central amygdala in cocaine addiction. 2014: Virus-mediated shRNA knockdown of prodynorphin in the rat nucleus accumbens attenuates depression-like behavior and cocaine locomotor sensitization. 2017: Cebranopadol Blocks the Escalation of Cocaine Intake and Conditioned Reinstatement of Cocaine Seeking in Rats. 2017: Dynorphin Counteracts Orexin in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus: Cellular and Behavioral Evidence. 2017: Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake. 2018: Subthalamic nucleus high frequency stimulation prevents and reverses escalated cocaine use. 2018: Adolescent cannabinoid exposure induces irritability-like behavior and cocaine cross-sensitization without affecting the escalation of cocaine self-administration in adulthood. 2021: The Cocaine and Oxycodone Biobanks, Two Repositories from Genetically Diverse and Behaviorally Characterized Rats for the Study of Addiction. 2021: Individual differences in addiction-like behaviors and choice between cocaine versus food in Heterogeneous Stock rats. 2021: Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell attenuates cocaine withdrawal but increases cocaine self-administration, cocaine-induced locomotor activity, and GluR1/GluA1 in the central nucleus of the amygdala in male cocaine-dependent rats. 2022: Leptin Protects Against the Development and Expression of Cocaine Addiction-Like Behavior in Heterogeneous Stock Rats. 2023: Abstinence from Escalation of Cocaine Intake Changes the microRNA Landscape in the Cortico-Accumbal Pathway. 2023: Cocaine Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity and CRF Signaling in a Region- and Sex-Dependent Manner in Rat Brain. 2023: Microbial short-chain fatty acids regulate drug seeking and transcriptional control in a model of cocaine seeking. 2023: Chronic administration of a norepinephrine antagonist prevents and partially reverses escalation of cocaine self-administration. 2023: Single-nucleus genomics in outbred rats with divergent cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals changes in amygdala GABAergic inhibition. 2023: Author Correction: Single-nucleus genomics in outbred rats with divergent cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals changes in amygdala GABAergic inhibition. 2024: Large-scale characterization of cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals that escalation of intake, aversion-resistant responding, and breaking-points are highly correlated measures of the same construct. 2026: Incentive salience, not psychomotor sensitization or tolerance, drives escalation of cocaine self-administration in heterogeneous stock rats. 2026: High incidence of estrous cycle irregularities in heterogeneous stock (HS) rats is associated with footshock-resistant cocaine intake. 2026: Genome-wide association study of cocaine self-administration behavior in Heterogeneous Stock rats.
Opioids
2013: Long-term antagonism of κ opioid receptors prevents escalation of and increased motivation for heroin intake. 2015: Hypocretin receptor 2 antagonism dose-dependently reduces escalated heroin self-administration in rats. 2016: High-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Blocks Compulsive-Like Re-Escalation of Heroin Taking in Rats. 2017: Compulsive-Like Sufentanil Vapor Self-Administration in Rats. 2020: Nociceptin attenuates the escalation of oxycodone self-administration by normalizing CeA-GABA transmission in highly addicted rats. 2020: Dopamine D3 Receptor Antagonism Reverses the Escalation of Oxycodone Self-administration and Decreases Withdrawal-Induced Hyperalgesia and Irritability-Like Behavior in Oxycodone-Dependent Heterogeneous Stock Rats. 2020: Oxycodone self-administration and withdrawal behaviors in male and female Wistar rats. 2020: Depletion of the Microbiome Alters the Recruitment of Neuronal Ensembles of Oxycodone Intoxication and Withdrawal. 2021: The Cocaine and Oxycodone Biobanks, Two Repositories from Genetically Diverse and Behaviorally Characterized Rats for the Study of Addiction. 2023: Strain and sex-related behavioral variability of oxycodone dependence in rats. 2025: Identification of Plasma Metabolites Responding to Oxycodone Exposure in Rats. 2025: Sex-Specific Concordance of Striatal Transcriptional Signatures of Opioid Addiction in Human and Rodent Brains. 2025: Sex-specific transcriptional signatures of oxycodone persist during withdrawal and abstinence in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of heterogeneous stock rats. 2026: Large-scale behavioral characterization of oxycodone self-administration in heterogeneous stock rats reveals initial analgesic effects are associated with addiction-like behaviors. 2026: Addiction-like behavioral severity predicts prolonged oxycodone withdrawal-induced allodynia in genetically diverse rats.
Other stimulants
2011: Levels of neural progenitors in the hippocampus predict memory impairment and relapse to drug seeking as a function of excessive methamphetamine self-administration. 2015: κ Opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell mediate escalation of methamphetamine intake. 2019: Increases in compulsivity, inflammation, and neural injury in HIV transgenic rats with escalated methamphetamine self-administration under extended-access conditions. 2020: Chronic voluntary caffeine intake in male Wistar rats reveals individual differences in addiction-like behavior. 2021: Characterization of the Brain Functional Architecture of Psychostimulant Withdrawal Using Single-Cell Whole-Brain Imaging.
Cannabinoids
2009: A role for the endocannabinoid system in the increased motivation for cocaine in extended-access conditions. 2018: Adolescent cannabinoid exposure induces irritability-like behavior and cocaine cross-sensitization without affecting the escalation of cocaine self-administration in adulthood. 2021: Cannabidiol reduces withdrawal symptoms in nicotine-dependent rats.
Methods & tools
2021: The Hidden Brain: Uncovering Previously Overlooked Brain Regions by Employing Novel Preclinical Unbiased Network Approaches. 2024: High quality, high throughput, and low-cost simultaneous video recording of 60 animals in operant chambers using PiRATeMC.
Genetics & HS rats
2019: National Institute on Drug Abuse genomics consortium white paper: Coordinating efforts between human and animal addiction studies. 2020: Adapting Genotyping-by-Sequencing and Variant Calling for Heterogeneous Stock Rats. 2024: Y and mitochondrial chromosomes in the heterogeneous stock rat population.
Other animal models
2013: Dopamine D1 and μ-opioid receptor antagonism blocks anticipatory 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations induced by palatable food cues in Wistar rats. 2014: Gene expression changes consistent with neuroAIDS and impaired working memory in HIV-1 transgenic rats. 2015: A Transgenic Rat for Investigating the Anatomy and Function of Corticotrophin Releasing Factor Circuits. 2018: Voluntary urination control by brainstem neurons that relax the urethral sphincter. 2019: Insula to ventral striatal projections mediate compulsive eating produced by intermittent access to palatable food.
Aging, sleep & memory
2003: Individual differences in cognitive aging: implication of pregnenolone sulfate. 2004: New insights into the role of neuroactive steroids in cognitive aging. 2004: Sleep-wake states and cortical synchronization control by pregnenolone sulfate into the pedunculopontine nucleus. 2005: Smad-dependent alterations of PPT cholinergic neurons as a pathophysiological mechanism of age-related sleep-dependent memory impairments. 2006: Neurosteroids and cholinergic systems: implications for sleep and cognitive processes and potential role of age-related changes. 2006: Chronic exposure of rats to noise: relationship between long-term memory deficits and slow wave sleep disturbances. 2006: Motherhood-induced memory improvement persists across lifespan in rats but is abolished by a gestational stress. 2010: Low brain allopregnanolone levels mediate flattened circadian activity associated with memory impairments in aged rats.
Theory & reviews
2010: Individual differences in prefrontal cortex function and the transition from drug use to drug dependence. 2011: Craving, context and the cortex. 2011: Allostasis and addiction: role of the dopamine and corticotropin-releasing factor systems. 2013: Control of craving by the prefrontal cortex. 2013: Addiction as a stress surfeit disorder. 2013: Addiction is a Reward Deficit and Stress Surfeit Disorder. 2013: Escalation of drug self-administration as a hallmark of persistent addiction liability. 2014: Corticotropin releasing factor: a key role in the neurobiology of addiction. 2014: Negative reinforcement via motivational withdrawal is the driving force behind the transition to addiction. 2017: Individual differences in the neuropsychopathology of addiction. 2021: Drugs and Bugs: The Gut-Brain Axis and Substance Use Disorders. 2022: Glucocorticoid Receptor-Regulated Enhancers Play a Central Role in the Gene Regulatory Networks Underlying Drug Addiction. 2022: Are we compulsively chasing rainbows?

Each dot is a paper. Papers on two drugs appear in both lanes. Click a dot to jump to the paper.

    1. Opioids

      Addiction-like behavioral severity predicts prolonged oxycodone withdrawal-induced allodynia in genetically diverse rats.

      Plasil SL, Tieu L, Qian C, …, George O · Neuropharmacology, 2026

    2. Nicotine

      Passive nicotine vapor exposure model in mice reveals translationally relevant dose-dependent cotinine levels and withdrawal behaviors.

      Zahedi S, Carrette LLG, China L, …, George O · J Neurosci Methods, 2026

    3. Cocaine

      Genome-wide association study of cocaine self-administration behavior in Heterogeneous Stock rats.

      Lara MK, Carrette LLG, Sanches TM, …, George O · Nat Commun, 2026

    4. Alcohol

      Engaging Gut-to-Brain Signalling to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder.

      Hoffman PL, de Guglielmo G, Vengeliene V, …, Tabakoff B · Addict Biol, 2026

    5. Cocaine

      High incidence of estrous cycle irregularities in heterogeneous stock (HS) rats is associated with footshock-resistant cocaine intake.

      Sneddon EA, Chonwattanagul S, Bai K, …, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2026

    6. Opioids

      Large-scale behavioral characterization of oxycodone self-administration in heterogeneous stock rats reveals initial analgesic effects are associated with addiction-like behaviors.

      Kallupi M, de Guglielmo G, Carrette LLG, …, George O · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2026

    7. Cocaine

      Incentive salience, not psychomotor sensitization or tolerance, drives escalation of cocaine self-administration in heterogeneous stock rats.

      Ramborger J, Mosquera J, Brennan M, …, George O · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2026

    1. Opioids

      Sex-specific transcriptional signatures of oxycodone persist during withdrawal and abstinence in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of heterogeneous stock rats.

      Delorme TC, Sambare S, Williams BR, …, Logan RW · Addict Neurosci, 2025

    2. Nicotine

      The influence of stress and social defeat on neurobiological reinforcement mechanisms across reward to withdrawal in nicotine addiction.

      Shankar K, Zahedi S, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2025

    3. Opioids

      Sex-Specific Concordance of Striatal Transcriptional Signatures of Opioid Addiction in Human and Rodent Brains.

      Shelton MA, Horan N, Xue X, …, Seney ML · Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci, 2025

    4. Opioids

      Identification of Plasma Metabolites Responding to Oxycodone Exposure in Rats.

      Vu T, Godbole S, Carrette LLG, …, Kechris K · Metabolites, 2025

    1. Cocaine

      Large-scale characterization of cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals that escalation of intake, aversion-resistant responding, and breaking-points are highly correlated measures of the same construct.

      de Guglielmo G, Carrette L, Kallupi M, …, George O · Elife, 2024

    2. Genetics & HS rats

      Y and mitochondrial chromosomes in the heterogeneous stock rat population.

      Okamoto F, Chitre AS, Missfeldt Sanches T, …, Palmer AA · G3 (Bethesda), 2024

    3. Methods & tools

      High quality, high throughput, and low-cost simultaneous video recording of 60 animals in operant chambers using PiRATeMC.

      Ramborger J, Kalra S, Mosquera J, Smith ACW, George O · J Neurosci Methods, 2024

    4. Nicotine

      Acute nicotine activates orectic and inhibits anorectic brain regions in rats exposed to chronic nicotine.

      Shankar K, Bonnet-Zahedi S, Milan K, …, George O · Neuropharmacology, 2024

    5. Alcohol

      A reverse translational study of PPAR-α agonist efficacy in human and rodent models relevant to alcohol use disorder.

      Mason BJ, Estey D, Roberts A, …, Harris RA · Neurobiol Stress, 2024

    1. Nicotine

      Acute nicotine intake increases feeding behavior through decreasing glucagon signaling in dependent male and female rats.

      Shankar K, Ramborger J, Bonnet-Zahedi S, Carrette LLG, George O · Horm Behav, 2023

    2. Cocaine

      Author Correction: Single-nucleus genomics in outbred rats with divergent cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals changes in amygdala GABAergic inhibition.

      Zhou JL, de Guglielmo G, Ho AJ, …, Telese F · Nat Neurosci, 2023

    3. Cocaine

      Single-nucleus genomics in outbred rats with divergent cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals changes in amygdala GABAergic inhibition.

      Zhou JL, de Guglielmo G, Ho AJ, …, Telese F · Nat Neurosci, 2023

    4. Nicotine

      Directed evolution unlocks oxygen reactivity for a nicotine-degrading flavoenzyme.

      Dulchavsky M, Mitra R, Wu K, …, Bardwell JCA · Nat Chem Biol, 2023

    5. Cocaine

      Chronic administration of a norepinephrine antagonist prevents and partially reverses escalation of cocaine self-administration.

      Beldjoud H, Avelar A, de Guglielmo G, …, George O · Addict Biol, 2023

    6. Cocaine

      Microbial short-chain fatty acids regulate drug seeking and transcriptional control in a model of cocaine seeking.

      Meckel KR, Simpson SS, Godino A, …, Kiraly DD · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2023

    7. Cocaine

      Cocaine Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity and CRF Signaling in a Region- and Sex-Dependent Manner in Rat Brain.

      Cheng Y, Dempsey RE, Roodsari SK, …, Guo ML · Biomedicines, 2023

    8. Opioids

      Strain and sex-related behavioral variability of oxycodone dependence in rats.

      Doyle MR, Martinez AR, Qiao R, …, de Guglielmo G · Neuropharmacology, 2023

    9. Nicotine

      Hyperconnectivity of Two Separate Long-Range Cholinergic Systems Contributes to the Reorganization of the Brain Functional Connectivity during Nicotine Withdrawal in Male Mice.

      Carrette LLG, Kimbrough A, Davoudian PA, Kwan AC, Collazo A, George O · eNeuro, 2023

    10. Cocaine

      Abstinence from Escalation of Cocaine Intake Changes the microRNA Landscape in the Cortico-Accumbal Pathway.

      Kumaresan V, Lim Y, Juneja P, …, Zhang H · Biomedicines, 2023

    1. Alcohol

      Voluntary and forced exposure to ethanol vapor produces similar escalation of alcohol drinking but differential recruitment of brain regions related to stress, habit, and reward in male rats.

      de Guglielmo G, Simpson S, Kimbrough A, …, George O · Neuropharmacology, 2022

    2. Theory & reviews

      Are we compulsively chasing rainbows?

      George O, Ahmed SH, Gilpin NW · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2022

    3. Alcohol

      Effects of single and dual hypocretin-receptor blockade or knockdown of hypocretin projections to the central amygdala on alcohol drinking in dependent male rats.

      Aldridge GM, Zarin TA, Brandner AJ, …, Schmeichel BE · Addict Neurosci, 2022

    4. Theory & reviews

      Glucocorticoid Receptor-Regulated Enhancers Play a Central Role in the Gene Regulatory Networks Underlying Drug Addiction.

      Duttke SH, Montilla-Perez P, Chang MW, …, Telese F · Front Neurosci, 2022

    5. Cocaine

      Leptin Protects Against the Development and Expression of Cocaine Addiction-Like Behavior in Heterogeneous Stock Rats.

      Carrette LLG, Corral C, Boomhower B, …, George O · Front Behav Neurosci, 2022

    6. Nicotine

      Microstructural meal pattern analysis reveals a paradoxical acute increase in food intake after nicotine despite its long-term anorexigenic effects.

      Shankar K, Ambroggi F, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2022

    7. Nicotine

      Administration of BDNF in the ventral tegmental area produces a switch from a nicotine-non-dependent D1R-mediated motivational state to a nicotine-dependent-like D2R-mediated motivational state.

      Grieder TE, Yee M, Vargas-Perez H, …, van der Kooy D · Eur J Neurosci, 2022

    1. Alcohol

      FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE ESCALATION OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.

      Bowen MT, George O, Muskiewicz DE, Hall FS · Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2021

    2. Cocaine

      Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell attenuates cocaine withdrawal but increases cocaine self-administration, cocaine-induced locomotor activity, and GluR1/GluA1 in the central nucleus of the amygdala in male cocaine-dependent rats.

      Kallupi M, Kononoff J, Melas PA, …, George O · Brain Stimul, 2021

    3. Other stimulants

      Characterization of the Brain Functional Architecture of Psychostimulant Withdrawal Using Single-Cell Whole-Brain Imaging.

      Kimbrough A, Kallupi M, Smith LC, Simpson S, Collazo A, George O · eNeuro, 2021

    4. Theory & reviews

      Drugs and Bugs: The Gut-Brain Axis and Substance Use Disorders.

      Simpson S, Mclellan R, Wellmeyer E, Matalon F, George O · J Neuroimmune Pharmacol, 2021

    5. Nicotine

      How nicotine withdrawal symptoms fight each other: interpeduncular GABA neuron activity dynamically controls negative affect vs. coping behavior.

      Avelar AJ, George O · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2021

    6. Cocaine

      Individual differences in addiction-like behaviors and choice between cocaine versus food in Heterogeneous Stock rats.

      Sedighim S, Carrette LL, Venniro M, Shaham Y, de Guglielmo G, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2021

    7. CocaineOpioids

      The Cocaine and Oxycodone Biobanks, Two Repositories from Genetically Diverse and Behaviorally Characterized Rats for the Study of Addiction.

      Carrette LLG, de Guglielmo G, Kallupi M, …, George O · eNeuro, 2021

    8. Methods & tools

      The Hidden Brain: Uncovering Previously Overlooked Brain Regions by Employing Novel Preclinical Unbiased Network Approaches.

      Simpson S, Chen Y, Wellmeyer E, …, Kimbrough A · Front Syst Neurosci, 2021

    9. NicotineCannabinoids

      Cannabidiol reduces withdrawal symptoms in nicotine-dependent rats.

      Smith LC, Tieu L, Suhandynata RT, …, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2021

    10. Alcohol

      Glucocorticoid receptor modulators decrease alcohol self-administration in male rats.

      McGinn MA, Tunstall BJ, Schlosburg JE, …, Vendruscolo LF · Neuropharmacology, 2021

    1. Nicotine

      Advances in smoking cessation pharmacotherapy: Non-nicotinic approaches in animal models.

      Smith LC, George O · Neuropharmacology, 2020

    2. Genetics & HS rats

      Adapting Genotyping-by-Sequencing and Variant Calling for Heterogeneous Stock Rats.

      Gileta AF, Gao J, Chitre AS, …, Palmer AA · G3 (Bethesda), 2020

    3. Nicotine

      Validation of a nicotine vapor self-administration model in rats with relevance to electronic cigarette use.

      Smith LC, Kallupi M, Tieu L, …, George O · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2020

    4. Opioids

      Depletion of the Microbiome Alters the Recruitment of Neuronal Ensembles of Oxycodone Intoxication and Withdrawal.

      Simpson S, Kimbrough A, Boomhower B, …, George O · eNeuro, 2020

    5. NicotineAlcohol

      Role of corticotropin-releasing factor in alcohol and nicotine addiction.

      Simpson S, Shankar K, Kimbrough A, George O · Brain Res, 2020

    6. Opioids

      Oxycodone self-administration and withdrawal behaviors in male and female Wistar rats.

      Kimbrough A, Kononoff J, Simpson S, …, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2020

    7. Other stimulants

      Chronic voluntary caffeine intake in male Wistar rats reveals individual differences in addiction-like behavior.

      Lee CH, George O, Kimbrough A · Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 2020

    8. Opioids

      Dopamine D3 Receptor Antagonism Reverses the Escalation of Oxycodone Self-administration and Decreases Withdrawal-Induced Hyperalgesia and Irritability-Like Behavior in Oxycodone-Dependent Heterogeneous Stock Rats.

      de Guglielmo G, Kallupi M, Sedighim S, Newman AH, George O · Front Behav Neurosci, 2020

    9. Alcohol

      Brain-wide functional architecture remodeling by alcohol dependence and abstinence.

      Kimbrough A, Lurie DJ, Collazo A, …, George O · Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2020

    10. Opioids

      Nociceptin attenuates the escalation of oxycodone self-administration by normalizing CeA-GABA transmission in highly addicted rats.

      Kallupi M, Carrette LLG, Kononoff J, …, de Guglielmo G · Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2020

    1. Other stimulants

      Increases in compulsivity, inflammation, and neural injury in HIV transgenic rats with escalated methamphetamine self-administration under extended-access conditions.

      de Guglielmo G, Fu Y, Chen J, …, Sanna PP · Brain Res, 2019

    2. Other animal models

      Insula to ventral striatal projections mediate compulsive eating produced by intermittent access to palatable food.

      Spierling S, de Guglielmo G, Kirson D, …, Zorrilla EP · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019

    3. Nicotine

      Exposure to passive nicotine vapor in male adolescent rats produces a withdrawal-like state and facilitates nicotine self-administration during adulthood.

      Kallupi M, de Guglielmo G, Larrosa E, George O · Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2019

    4. Alcohol

      Systemic Administration of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (S)-CR8 Selectively Reduces Escalated Ethanol Intake in Dependent Rats.

      Goulding SP, de Guglielmo G, Carrette LLG, George O, Contet C · Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2019

    5. Genetics & HS rats

      National Institute on Drug Abuse genomics consortium white paper: Coordinating efforts between human and animal addiction studies.

      Cates HM, Benca-Bachman CE, de Guglielmo G, Schoenrock SA, Shu C, Kallupi M · Genes Brain Behav, 2019

    6. Alcohol

      Inactivation of a CRF-dependent amygdalofugal pathway reverses addiction-like behaviors in alcohol-dependent rats.

      de Guglielmo G, Kallupi M, Pomrenze MB, …, George O · Nat Commun, 2019

    1. Nicotine

      An enzymatic approach reverses nicotine dependence, decreases compulsive-like intake, and prevents relapse.

      Kallupi M, Xue S, Zhou B, Janda KD, George O · Sci Adv, 2018

    2. CocaineCannabinoids

      Adolescent cannabinoid exposure induces irritability-like behavior and cocaine cross-sensitization without affecting the escalation of cocaine self-administration in adulthood.

      Kononoff J, Melas PA, Kallupi M, …, George O · Sci Rep, 2018

    3. Other animal models

      Voluntary urination control by brainstem neurons that relax the urethral sphincter.

      Keller JA, Chen J, Simpson S, …, Stowers L · Nat Neurosci, 2018

    4. Alcohol

      Systemic and Intra-Habenular Activation of the Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR139 Decreases Compulsive-Like Alcohol Drinking and Hyperalgesia in Alcohol-Dependent Rats.

      Kononoff J, Kallupi M, Kimbrough A, Conlisk D, de Guglielmo G, George O · eNeuro, 2018

    5. Cocaine

      Subthalamic nucleus high frequency stimulation prevents and reverses escalated cocaine use.

      Pelloux Y, Degoulet M, Tiran-Cappello A, …, Baunez C · Mol Psychiatry, 2018

    6. Alcohol

      Inhibition of Glyoxalase 1 reduces alcohol self-administration in dependent and nondependent rats.

      de Guglielmo G, Conlisk DE, Barkley-Levenson AM, Palmer AA, George O · Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 2018

    7. Nicotine

      An enzymatic advance in nicotine cessation therapy.

      Xue S, Kallupi M, Zhou B, …, Janda KD · Chem Commun (Camb), 2018

    8. Nicotine

      Self-administered nicotine increases fat metabolism and suppresses weight gain in male rats.

      Rupprecht LE, Kreisler AD, Spierling SR, …, Sved AF · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2018

    1. Cocaine

      Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake.

      Verheij MMM, Contet C, Karel P, …, Homberg JR · Biol Psychiatry, 2017

    2. Cocaine

      Dynorphin Counteracts Orexin in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus: Cellular and Behavioral Evidence.

      Matzeu A, Kallupi M, George O, Schweitzer P, Martin-Fardon R · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017

    3. Theory & reviews

      Individual differences in the neuropsychopathology of addiction.

      George O, Koob GF · Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 2017

    4. Alcohol

      CRF1 Receptor-Dependent Increases in Irritability-Like Behavior During Abstinence from Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure.

      Kimbrough A, de Guglielmo G, Kononoff J, Kallupi M, Zorrilla EP, George O · Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2017

    5. Opioids

      Compulsive-Like Sufentanil Vapor Self-Administration in Rats.

      Vendruscolo JCM, Tunstall BJ, Carmack SA, …, Vendruscolo LF · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017

    6. Alcohol

      Intermittent Access to Ethanol Drinking Facilitates the Transition to Excessive Drinking After Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure.

      Kimbrough A, Kim S, Cole M, Brennan M, George O · Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2017

    7. Nicotine

      Nicotine Vapor Method to Induce Nicotine Dependence in Rodents.

      Kallupi M, George O · Curr Protoc Neurosci, 2017

    8. Cocaine

      Cebranopadol Blocks the Escalation of Cocaine Intake and Conditioned Reinstatement of Cocaine Seeking in Rats.

      de Guglielmo G, Matzeu A, Kononoff J, Mattioni J, Martin-Fardon R, George O · J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2017

    9. Nicotine

      Deletion of α5 nicotine receptor subunits abolishes nicotinic aversive motivational effects in a manner that phenocopies dopamine receptor antagonism.

      Grieder TE, George O, Yee M, …, van der Kooy D · Eur J Neurosci, 2017

    10. Alcohol

      Cortical and amygdalar neuronal ensembles in alcohol seeking, drinking and withdrawal.

      George O, Hope BT · Neuropharmacology, 2017

    11. Alcohol

      Alcohol Dependence Disrupts Amygdalar L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Mechanisms.

      Varodayan FP, de Guglielmo G, Logrip ML, George O, Roberto M · J Neurosci, 2017

    12. Alcohol

      Voluntary induction and maintenance of alcohol dependence in rats using alcohol vapor self-administration.

      de Guglielmo G, Kallupi M, Cole MD, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2017

    1. Alcohol

      Genetic and Pharmacologic Manipulation of TLR4 Has Minimal Impact on Ethanol Consumption in Rodents.

      Harris RA, Bajo M, Bell RL, …, Homanics GE · J Neurosci, 2016

    2. Opioids

      High-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Blocks Compulsive-Like Re-Escalation of Heroin Taking in Rats.

      Wade CL, Kallupi M, Hernandez DO, …, George O · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2016

    3. Alcohol

      Recruitment of a Neuronal Ensemble in the Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Is Required for Alcohol Dependence.

      de Guglielmo G, Crawford E, Kim S, …, George O · J Neurosci, 2016

    1. Other animal models

      A Transgenic Rat for Investigating the Anatomy and Function of Corticotrophin Releasing Factor Circuits.

      Pomrenze MB, Millan EZ, Hopf FW, …, Messing RO · Front Neurosci, 2015

    2. Alcohol

      Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism decreases alcohol seeking in alcohol-dependent individuals.

      Vendruscolo LF, Estey D, Goodell V, …, Mason BJ · J Clin Invest, 2015

    3. Nicotine

      Increased CRF signalling in a ventral tegmental area-interpeduncular nucleus-medial habenula circuit induces anxiety during nicotine withdrawal.

      Zhao-Shea R, DeGroot SR, Liu L, …, Tapper AR · Nat Commun, 2015

    4. NicotineAlcohol

      Chronic nicotine activates stress/reward-related brain regions and facilitates the transition to compulsive alcohol drinking.

      Leão RM, Cruz FC, Vendruscolo LF, …, George O · J Neurosci, 2015

    5. Other stimulants

      κ Opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell mediate escalation of methamphetamine intake.

      Whitfield TW, Schlosburg JE, Wee S, …, Koob GF · J Neurosci, 2015

    6. Opioids

      Hypocretin receptor 2 antagonism dose-dependently reduces escalated heroin self-administration in rats.

      Schmeichel BE, Barbier E, Misra KK, …, Vendruscolo LF · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015

    1. Nicotine

      VTA CRF neurons mediate the aversive effects of nicotine withdrawal and promote intake escalation.

      Grieder TE, Herman MA, Contet C, …, George O · Nat Neurosci, 2014

    2. Nicotine

      Extended access nicotine self-administration with periodic deprivation increases immature neurons in the hippocampus.

      Cohen A, Soleiman MT, Talia R, Koob GF, George O, Mandyam CD · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2014

    3. Other animal models

      Gene expression changes consistent with neuroAIDS and impaired working memory in HIV-1 transgenic rats.

      Repunte-Canonigo V, Lefebvre C, George O, …, Sanna PP · Mol Neurodegener, 2014

    4. Theory & reviews

      Negative reinforcement via motivational withdrawal is the driving force behind the transition to addiction.

      George O, Koob GF, Vendruscolo LF · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2014

    5. Alcohol

      Anticipatory 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations are associated with escalated alcohol intake in dependent rats.

      Buck CL, Malavar JC, George O, Koob GF, Vendruscolo LF · Behav Brain Res, 2014

    6. Cocaine

      Virus-mediated shRNA knockdown of prodynorphin in the rat nucleus accumbens attenuates depression-like behavior and cocaine locomotor sensitization.

      Cohen A, Whitfield TW, Kreifeldt M, …, Koob GF · PLoS One, 2014

    7. Theory & reviews

      Corticotropin releasing factor: a key role in the neurobiology of addiction.

      Zorrilla EP, Logrip ML, Koob GF · Front Neuroendocrinol, 2014

    1. Opioids

      Long-term antagonism of κ opioid receptors prevents escalation of and increased motivation for heroin intake.

      Schlosburg JE, Whitfield TW, Park PE, …, Koob GF · J Neurosci, 2013

    2. Other animal models

      Dopamine D1 and μ-opioid receptor antagonism blocks anticipatory 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations induced by palatable food cues in Wistar rats.

      Buck CL, Vendruscolo LF, Koob GF, George O · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2013

    3. Theory & reviews

      Escalation of drug self-administration as a hallmark of persistent addiction liability.

      Edwards S, Koob GF · Behav Pharmacol, 2013

    4. Alcohol

      Traumatic stress reactivity promotes excessive alcohol drinking and alters the balance of prefrontal cortex-amygdala activity.

      Edwards S, Baynes BB, Carmichael CY, …, Gilpin NW · Transl Psychiatry, 2013

    5. Theory & reviews

      Addiction is a Reward Deficit and Stress Surfeit Disorder.

      Koob GF · Front Psychiatry, 2013

    6. Nicotine

      Extended access to nicotine leads to a CRF1 receptor dependent increase in anxiety-like behavior and hyperalgesia in rats.

      Cohen A, Treweek J, Edwards S, …, George O · Addict Biol, 2013

    7. Nicotine

      Animal models of nicotine exposure: relevance to second-hand smoking, electronic cigarette use, and compulsive smoking.

      Cohen A, George O · Front Psychiatry, 2013

    8. Cocaine

      Kappa opioid receptor-mediated dysregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic transmission in the central amygdala in cocaine addiction.

      Kallupi M, Wee S, Edwards S, …, Roberto M · Biol Psychiatry, 2013

    9. Theory & reviews

      Addiction as a stress surfeit disorder.

      Koob GF, Buck CL, Cohen A, …, George O · Neuropharmacology, 2013

    10. Alcohol

      Neuropeptide YY(2)R blockade in the central amygdala reduces anxiety-like behavior but not alcohol drinking in alcohol-dependent rats.

      Kallupi M, Vendruscolo LF, Carmichael CY, George O, Koob GF, Gilpin NW · Addict Biol, 2013

    11. Theory & reviews

      Control of craving by the prefrontal cortex.

      George O, Koob GF · Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013

    12. Cocaine

      Hypothalamic proteoglycan syndecan-3 is a novel cocaine addiction resilience factor.

      Chen J, Repunte-Canonigo V, Kawamura T, …, Sanna PP · Nat Commun, 2013

    1. Cocaine

      Hippocampal neurogenesis protects against cocaine-primed relapse.

      Deschaux O, Vendruscolo LF, Schlosburg JE, …, Mandyam CD · Addict Biol, 2012

    2. Nicotine

      Nicotine vapor inhalation escalates nicotine self-administration.

      Gilpin NW, Whitaker AM, Baynes B, Abdel AY, Weil MT, George O · Addict Biol, 2012

    3. Alcohol

      Recruitment of medial prefrontal cortex neurons during alcohol withdrawal predicts cognitive impairment and excessive alcohol drinking.

      George O, Sanders C, Freiling J, …, Koob GF · Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012

    4. Nicotine

      Robust escalation of nicotine intake with extended access to nicotine self-administration and intermittent periods of abstinence.

      Cohen A, Koob GF, George O · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2012

    5. Nicotine

      Effects of the specific α4β2 nAChR antagonist, 2-fluoro-3-(4-nitrophenyl) deschloroepibatidine, on nicotine reward-related behaviors in rats and mice.

      Tobey KM, Walentiny DM, Wiley JL, …, Vann RE · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2012

    6. Nicotine

      Effects of the combination of metyrapone and oxazepam on intravenous nicotine self-administration in rats.

      Goeders NE, Cohen A, Fox BS, Azar MR, George O, Koob GF · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2012

    7. Nicotine

      Phasic D1 and tonic D2 dopamine receptor signaling double dissociate the motivational effects of acute nicotine and chronic nicotine withdrawal.

      Grieder TE, George O, Tan H, …, van der Kooy D · Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012

    1. Other stimulants

      Levels of neural progenitors in the hippocampus predict memory impairment and relapse to drug seeking as a function of excessive methamphetamine self-administration.

      Recinto P, Samant AR, Chavez G, …, Mandyam CD · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011

    2. Theory & reviews

      Allostasis and addiction: role of the dopamine and corticotropin-releasing factor systems.

      George O, Le Moal M, Koob GF · Physiol Behav, 2011

    3. Theory & reviews

      Craving, context and the cortex.

      George O, Koob GF · Nat Neurosci, 2011

    1. Nicotine

      Varenicline blocks nicotine intake in rats with extended access to nicotine self-administration.

      George O, Lloyd A, Carroll FI, Damaj MI, Koob GF · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2010

    2. Theory & reviews

      Individual differences in prefrontal cortex function and the transition from drug use to drug dependence.

      George O, Koob GF · Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2010

    3. Aging, sleep & memory

      Low brain allopregnanolone levels mediate flattened circadian activity associated with memory impairments in aged rats.

      George O, Vallée M, Vitiello S, Le Moal M, Piazza PV, Mayo W · Biol Psychiatry, 2010

    4. Nicotine

      Exposure to chronic intermittent nicotine vapor induces nicotine dependence.

      George O, Grieder TE, Cole M, Koob GF · Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 2010

    1. CocaineCannabinoids

      A role for the endocannabinoid system in the increased motivation for cocaine in extended-access conditions.

      Orio L, Edwards S, George O, Parsons LH, Koob GF · J Neurosci, 2009

    1. Cocaine

      Extended access to cocaine self-administration produces long-lasting prefrontal cortex-dependent working memory impairments.

      George O, Mandyam CD, Wee S, Koob GF · Neuropsychopharmacology, 2007

    2. Nicotine

      CRF-CRF1 system activation mediates withdrawal-induced increases in nicotine self-administration in nicotine-dependent rats.

      George O, Ghozland S, Azar MR, …, Koob GF · Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007

    1. Aging, sleep & memory

      Motherhood-induced memory improvement persists across lifespan in rats but is abolished by a gestational stress.

      Lemaire V, Billard JM, Dutar P, …, Mayo W · Eur J Neurosci, 2006

    2. Aging, sleep & memory

      Chronic exposure of rats to noise: relationship between long-term memory deficits and slow wave sleep disturbances.

      Rabat A, Bouyer JJ, George O, Le Moal M, Mayo W · Behav Brain Res, 2006

    3. Aging, sleep & memory

      Neurosteroids and cholinergic systems: implications for sleep and cognitive processes and potential role of age-related changes.

      George O, Vallée M, Le Moal M, Mayo W · Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2006

    1. Aging, sleep & memory

      Smad-dependent alterations of PPT cholinergic neurons as a pathophysiological mechanism of age-related sleep-dependent memory impairments.

      George O, Parducz A, Dupret D, …, Mayo W · Neurobiol Aging, 2005

    1. Aging, sleep & memory

      Sleep-wake states and cortical synchronization control by pregnenolone sulfate into the pedunculopontine nucleus.

      Darbra S, George O, Bouyer JJ, Piazza PV, Le Moal M, Mayo W · J Neurosci Res, 2004

    2. Aging, sleep & memory

      New insights into the role of neuroactive steroids in cognitive aging.

      Vallée M, George O, Vitiello S, Le Moal M, Mayo W · Exp Gerontol, 2004

    1. Aging, sleep & memory

      Individual differences in cognitive aging: implication of pregnenolone sulfate.

      Mayo W, George O, Darbra S, …, Abrous N · Prog Neurobiol, 2003

Synced from PubMed. See also the searchable publication list and the history of addiction science.